• Shiny face makeup to give a sweaty appearance
• Lines on Chandler's face were more defined through the use of shiny face makeup, making him appear older
• Chandler's hair was scruffy, giving the appearance he was less in control of his situation let alone the station itself
• Orangey face makeup was used in earlier episodes to give him an unnatural skintone, therby the impression of being "evil"

Body Language main evidence points are as follows:

• In the later episode, accepting and ignoring station problems rather than dealing with them
• In the later episode, Chandler oubursts at Meadows- therfore demonstrating a lack of self-control

After reviewing the evidence, the point is that unless these techniques of drama had been used on Tom Chandler, he would not have looked convincingly evil enough and therefore audiences would not have believed he was a sociopath. The "latter" Chandler also demonstrated a lack of personal control, of which the "longer" demonstrated near-immaculate control of the situation around him during his reign at Sun Hill.

2. Social Behaviour and Life

Supposedly, Tom Chandler taking himself and his in-labour wife and the station DCI office was unevitable- this is simply not the case. Social Behavior and Life is a broad term covering "later" mental heath, actions, changes in behaviour and socal life, all of which will be explored.

I) Mental Cognition Diagnosis

To begin, the workings of a human mind are perhaps, a fickle thing. But we all have our limits; our reservations; our goals; our dreams; most of all though, some form of morality, values and limits that will, in effect, define us from everyone else on the planet. To find another human being with precisely the same value set would to find a clone. This also differentiates us from the rest of the world, even in troubling times or times of "peer pressure" (for example, a rise in oppressive government or life-or-death situation).

This section sets out to prove that the attributes and actions of Tom Chandler post-episode 001 are Psychologically implausible.
As a product of this section of the report too, the morality set of the Longer Chandler will hopefully emerge clearer than indicated on screen.

The texts cited are:

Text	Denotation within report
Barbara Kirwin Ph.D., The mad, the bad, and the innocent: the criminal mind on trial, 1997, Boston : Little, Brown.	[MBI ]
Scott Morgan Peck, People of the Lie, 1983, Great Brittain: Anchor Brendon Limited, Tiptree, Essex.	[POL]
Katherine Ramsland Ph.D., The Criminal mind: A writer’s guide to forensic psychology, 2002, Ohio, USA: Writer’s Digest Books.	[WG]
Bruce A. Stevens Ph.D., Mirror, Mirror: When self-love undermines your relationship, 2000, Panther Printing.	[MM]

The texts chosen come mostly from America, over a period of 2 decades. All authors work, or have, with people being treated for psychological conditions.
Reference will also be made to the DSM-IV, the Diagnosis Statician Manual IV, published 2002, of the American Psychological Society, the standard diagnosis book of psychology US wide and possibly worldwide.
More commonly known as being a "psychopath", the present clinical name for this disorder is "Antisocial Personality Disorder" according to the DSM-IV. "Psychopath" is a term more commonly used in mass media and Hollywood for the condition. This variety of text ensures that the picture presented of Antisocial Personaity Disordered is concise, consistent, and mostly, that beyond reasonable doubt the Latter Chandler fits the profile, but the Longer does not.

Note

Psychology is not an exact science. As there is very rarely a perfect specimen of anything in life, such is there of a person with "Antisocial Personality Disorder".

“A person who was evaluated according to the PCL or PCL-R didn’t need to have all the traits to be diagnosed a psychopath. He or she just needed a score that fell within a certain range, and that score could be derived from manifesting a number of the traits so strongly that they each rated a “2” on the scale. The PCL-R prove to be useful, accurate, and practical clinical took that surpassed evaluation according to the DSM-IV criteria.” [WG page 67]

Unfortunetly, since a character cannot physically take a PCL or PCL-R test, this report will rely upon diagnosis from the DSM-IV compared with text from the above books.
However, this paragraph implies that not all traits of the condition itself have to be evident for a person to diagnosed a psychopath. As will be demonstrated, the Latter Chandler fits very closely with DSM-IV standard of someone with Antisocial Personalty Disorder, whearas the Longer does not.

i) Traits of Antisocial Personality Disorder according to the DSM-IV

1. Failure to conform to social norms and observe lawful behaviours;

2. deceitfulness, repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning others;

3. impulsivity or failure to develop long-term plans;

4. irritability or aggressiveness;

5. disregard for safety or self or others;

6. consistent irresponsibility;

7. lack of remorse and indifference to harming, mistreating, or stealing from another.

ii) Text comparason

1. Failure to conform to social norms and observe lawful behaviours;

Book evidence:

“Needless to say, someone who values himself above all others, who has little empathy, who becomes reoccupied with grandiose fantansies, and who has little self-awareness may not flinch from committing a crime to achieve his goals.” [MBI page ]

“…psychopaths appeared to be bothered or worried by very little-including their own criminality. They seem to be about as happy inside a jail as out.” [POL page 75]

“They just can't feel any emotions toward others.” [MBI page 85]

“Why do psychopaths commit crimes? Very simply, because they can.” [MBI page 85]

"+ persistent violation of social norms" [WG page 67]

“They are usually charming, eager to please, and quite often very smart. However, though they may function in the world effectively, they do not conduct their lives according to accepted moral codes and standards of behaviour.” [MBI page 83]

“The psychopath has no social fear…” [MBI page 83]

"+ egocentricity" [WG page 67]

“Accused of a crime, they believe that the world owes them a living and has done them wrong.” [MBI page 83]

“…behavior "cosmic inequity- a fundamental me-first attitude that negates the rights and reality of the other. Eventually, the habitual exercise of inequity results in iniquity.” [MBI page 85]

“…I defined evil “as the exercise of political power-that is, the impostion of one’s will upon others by overt or covert coercion-in order to avoid…spiritual growth…” [POL page 74]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

To Chandler, the marriage to McAllister was more than a lawful connection; it was a symbolic connection. This would explain why he demanded sex on their wedding night despite McAllisters pleas not to, as indicated in Quote MCA1.

Quote MCA1
Chandler: Our wedding night and you think we're not gonna have sex. (053)

Thus, in his own mind, Chandler was validated in "having sex on his wedding night" despite his partner not consenting.

In episode 019 Chandler was not bothered that Sharpe and McAllister were rowing, only stopping the fight after having an opportunity to gawk at it. Even after this, he gave Sharpe a "slap on the wrist" and made sexual advances at her (see 2. I) b) i) Sexism below).
In 042, he seemed unbothered by Meadow's complaint that CID had come to a standstill because Chandler was not approving paperwork, as all CID matters ran through Chandler (See 1.II) [Quote BL2])

In 053, whist Chandler held a gun toward Meadows in his office, he ignored Debbie's agonising moaning. He acted as if Debbie's cries were more a burden on him, than Debbie in pain, in Quote MCA2.

Quote MCA2
Chandler: Oh for crying out loud, stay where you are, it's time to finish it. [Meadows barges in. Chandler locks door and takes key]

The Latter Chandler also was said to have ignored the pleas of the two women he was alleged to have raped, denying personal responsiblity for their rape, as in MCA3.

Quote MCA3
Chandler: Well, 20 years ago our party, Louise teased me, and teased me, she had her hand on my groin, stroking me and driving me out of my mind, when I followed through...see you...You're an even bigger tease. You take it all the way to the bridal vows, wedding suite, marital bed, and what's a man to expect? (053)

However, the relationship had no real significance to him until it directly concerned him- that is, he was actually married. Prior to this, McAllister was little more than a tool he used to keep DCI Jack Meadows at bay- for example, finding the disabled driver Jeff to prove his innocence in the Anne Merrick murder inquiry. Thus, his somewhat heartless offer of money for McAllister to go out ring shopping by herself after they were engaged was thoughroughly justified in his own mind- she wanted a ring, therefore she wanted money. Nothing to do with the fact that he was marrying her, or that there were any kind of feelings involved involving him actually participating in the selection of the ring, it was just a formality to him. Like the rest of the engagement, right up until their wedding night, when it was his expectation that was challenged, as in Quote MCA4.

Quote MCA4
Chandler: Look I'll tellya what, I'll got get some money outta the bank tomorrow, you go buy yourself an engagement ring.

After Derek Conway was killed by a petrol bomb post attending a council meeting that Chandler had been scheduled to attend, Webb caught DC Kate Spears and Chandler in Conway's office, intending to have sex in his office. It had been Chandler that had lead Spears into the office, and Spears' shriek that had allerted Webb to their presence (Quote MCA5).

Quote MCA5
Webb: Y'sick. The pair'a ya. (007)

Chandler remained compleatly unempathetic to Webb's distain, later behaviour of having Spears convince Webb to be quiet indicating he could not see any depravity in his actions, nor realise Webb's perspective on the issue.
This lack of empathy is not unusual. For example, when Spears found out that the Latter Chandler had not continued to date her because he may have been promoted to Borough Commander, he turned the situation into focusing on him and what was in his interests, rather than Spears' feelings, and did this seemingly remorcelessly in Quote MCA6.

Quote MCA6
Chandler: It’s my career, Kate, I’ve worked hard for it (002)

This inablity to see beyond anyone's perspective but his own was also evident in the way he classified the women he had relationships with, or those whom he percieved he had relationships with. He classified McAllister (quote MCA3), Spears (quote MCA7), and Marsden (quote MCA3) each as a "tease". Thus the rapes of McAllister and Marsden were their faults, because they "teased" him. He did not see them as "rape" either- as they had acted in a way he saw as sexually inviting, it entitled him to have sex with them regardless wheather they wanted to have sex or not, at a time and place Chandler saw fit.

Quote MCA7
Chandler: So you just like to tease me. (002)

Because of Chandler's self-centredness, he not only enjoyed transferring Mickey Webb to Barton Street station in 043, but denied enjoying doing so. This is an example of the poor leadership of the Latter Chandler.

The Latter Chandler also verbally and physically assaulted his own brother, James, and blackmailed him to keep quiet about James' seeing Chandler rape Louise.

And clearly the most prime example of unlawful behaviour was the holding of Meadows and McAllister at gunpoint in his Superintendents' office. He had stolen the gun from the exhibits cupboard downstairs, covered it in his prints, then theatened to kill not only Meadows and McAllister, but McAllister and Chandler's child.

Latter Chandler Contradictory evidence

Chandler would have been bothered by prision because he was a police officer, and if this unlawful and corrupt behaviour had persisted throughout his policing career, would be face-to-face with many people who would take a great dislike to him.
This fear is more akin to seviere shame and/or failure, this symptom of Narcissism later in the report.

Longer condictory evidence

The Longer obided by social norms. He was well aware of the implications of starting a relationship with not only a police officer at his station, but eventually the implications of her age. He distanced himself privately from this officer, DC Spears, for ten months before asking her to "Supper", indicating he gave his position, and hers, and for the good of CID, much thought before acting on his feelings.

Thoughtout his career the Longer Chandler had obided by lawful behaviour. Back when he was a DC at Parkrise station, Chandler reported the bribery of his superiour, DS Barnwell, and fellow officers to CIB. The reporting of bribery indicates an obidance by rules and community expectations- that they should have a fair and just police force.

Aside from this incident, Chandler did not break the law at Sun Hill whist Superintendent. His policies of zero tolerance; stop, talk, and search; and building a more politically and cultrually sensitive Sun Hill indicates he wanted to be the impetus for positive change, stopping crime before it took place and building a safer and better community to live in.

2. deceitfulness, repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning others;

+ glibness [Slick, a superficially that comes easily [wg 67]

“(d) intellectual deviousness, with an increased likelihood of a midl schizophreniclike disturbance of thinking at times of stress.” [pol 129]

“Because they are such experts at disguise, it is seldom possible to poinpoint the maliviousness of the evil. The disgues is usually impenertrable. But what we can catch are glimpses of “teh uncanny game of hide-and-seek in the obscuritly of the soul, in which it, the single human solu, evades itself, avoids itself, hides from itself.” [pol 76]

“As I have said, those who are evil are masters of disguise; they are not apt to wittlingly disclose their true colours-either to other or to themselves.” [pol 104]

“The evil always hides their motive swtih lies…It is not a matter of one lie or two…repeatedly and routinely…the process was pervasive.” [pol 105]

“You are relegated to the status of an inanimate object to be used for a specific purpose according to the psychopath's design. You are reduced, your humanity is invalidated, you are a character in this drama. You are less than human.” [mbi 85]

“If all psychopaths were as overtly menacing as Hannibal Lecter, they would not be able to victomize anyone. The hallmark of evil is deceit.” [mbi 88]

“…the psychopath is fundamentally a self-absorbed person whose vantage point on the human community begins and ends with himself.” [mbi 83]

“…is perceived as extroverted…” [mbi 83]

“They are enviably efficient in the pursuit of their goals and adept at being able to deploy people to achieve their desired ends.” [mbi 84]

“+ manipulativeness” [wg 67]

“Narcissism permits them to ignore the humanity of their victims.” [mbi 82]

“…is possessed of an ability to con other people.” [mbi 83]

“+ lying” [wg]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

The Latter Chander lied redilty and faultlessly about the affairs of Anne Merrick, Louise Marsden, Peter Marsden, and anyone else connected to his shaddowy past.

Quote MCA8
Chandler: Well, obviously it was a great sadness, well I hadn't seen Anne for many years but she was a great friend and it was a great shock to lose someone so close to you.
Kitson: Do you know of anything in the past that might have started her depression?
Chandler: No as far as I know Anne's case was chemical rather than psychological. (048)

In quote MCA8, Chandler lies several times in this quote alone, about visiting Anne Merrick (044), what he knew about Merrick's past and hence depression, and then being "shocked" at Anne's death.

When Merrick arrived at Sun Hill in 043 and claimed that Chandler had raped her, she may not have been entirely lying. However, the medical evidence may have been ten years too late.
It is possible, as investigated in second 4.I, that Chandler was a repeat sex offender and had raped Anne Merrick, ten years ago. It was never fully explained why Chandler and Merrick broke up, and the fact that most "Organised" offender, as Chandler is closer to being than "Disorganised", that he did rape Merrick and this caused her depression, medically termed "bipolar" disorder.
It was alleged that this was possibly also why James Chandler, who was probably a bright student (he said he had been doing has "A" levels when he saw Chandler rape Marsden) had become an unemployed drug adict who couldn't hold down a job, as alleged, because he couldn't handle that he didn't speak up about Marsden and this caused her to suicide.

Quote MCA9
Chandler: Don't forget they went to see Anne, before the rape allegation, and I'm convinced that they put the idea in her head in the first place.
McAllister: What, to jump.
Chandler: No the idea that the rape had actually happened. You're not giving up on me are you?
McAllister: No of course not.” (048)

Quote MCA10
Chandler:[to Debbie] “… I'm not a rapist!” (053)

In Quote MCA9, Chandler lied to McAllister that Webb and Meadows had convinced Merrick that Louise Marsden was raped by him, which Anne knew about and told Meadows and Webb in 041.
In Quote MCA10 Chandler reaffirmed the idea that he did not rape women, when he later went on in episode 053 to admit that he had raped Debbie and Louise.

Chandler also lied to Peter Marsden for fifteen years, "aiding" him in his investigations to find out what really happened. However, it seemed, Chandler was only interested in covering his own back, as in Quote MCA11.

Quote MCA11
Marsden: You said you'd help me find out why my sister killed herself! Ghoh! You're filth!
Chandler: Yeah, you're weak just like she was. (053)

Quote MCA12
Chandler: Twice! I'm not a rapist! I don't go 'round pouncing on women in the middle of the night!
McAllister: Louise Marsden killed herself!
Chandler: Ah she was deeply unstable, deeply unstable; ask her brother.(053)

Chandler denied to McAllister that he had raped her, right up until the last scene when he admitted to Meadows that he had raped McAllister the previous night, as in Quote MCA12.

Chandler also tried to get Meadows to stop investigating in episode 048. Whilst over a scotch, he claimed to have changed from the social deviant Meadows was finding lurking in Chandler's past (Quote MCA13).

Quote MCA13
Chandler: I’m a changed man. (048)

Quote MCA14
Chandler: ...and then use Mickey Webb to do your dirty work? (043)

Quote MCA15
Chandler: ...Yaps like a dog... (049)

Quote MCA16
Chandler: So I started drinking with Louise, dancing with her. Gordon was right. I was 'in'. So I kissed her. And she liked it. She liked it a lot. And she kissed me back. Then I pulled her towards me, I tried to touch her…if it wasn't what she wanted, what was the whole evening about? (053)

Quote MCA17
Chandler: My career means a lot to me, Kate, I’ve worked hard to get it.

Quote MCA18
“That was a last ditch attempt to get Jack Meadows off my back...” (053)

Quote MCA19
Chandler: …wait a minute, I thought you wanted it as much as me.
Spears: Did I say I didn't?
Chandler: So you just like to tease me.
(002)

To Chandler, the people within his life were like string puppets in his own stage show. McAllister was the puppet who was used to do his "dirty work" if there was any to fend Meadows off, and by marrying her, he was keeping Meadows from reporting him to CIB (Quote MCA18); Meadows, the arch nemesis, who uses the irrelevent Mickey Webb as a tool against him (Quote MCA14); Webb, as the harmless young detective who was stung by missing out on "a piece of the action" with DC Spears but would "get over it", his similie in Quote MCA15 an indication of how much he thought of Mickey Webb as a human being, and a danger.
Well back before Webb and Meadows chasing Chandler's past, Kate Spears had (allegedly) been rejected because Chandler was up for the position of Borough Commander (Quote MCA17). He then went on to turn the situation on Spears, going further to demonstrate he thought of her as a "toy" than a human being- he "teased" her.
Whilst visiting Merrick in 044, Chandler had attempted to talk her into remaining silent about what had happened while they trained at Hendon Police Colleage. He did similarly with James Chandler in 052- both people who knew too much and had to be blackmailed- either by brute force or verbally- into keeping quiet about what they saw and what they knew. Peter Marsden was the clueless brother of Louise Marsden that had been fooled by Chandler's phoney sentiment over his sister in Quote MCA11.

In Chandler's world, everything seemingly centered around him. He jumped at the opportunity to speak to Simon the reporter in 048, despite the volitile situation in his personal life.

Chandler reduced all the women he was involved with in his life to "objects" too- when they refused to have sex with him or threatened to stop giving it to him, they were "teasing" him, as illustrated with Spears in Quote MCA19, and McAllister and Marsden, Quote MCA3.

An example of Chandler "conning" someone is in Quote MCA16.
Chandler first dances with Marsden, then starts kissing her, then thinks that because he is kissing her and he has interpreted her interest in him as sexual desire. He decieves her by having his drunk friends hold her down while he rapes her.

In episode 001 Chandler uses the alias "Mr Dixie" to book a hotel room for Spears and him to use that night. There was little if no chance that someone would check the records of who had booked a hotel room that night, and, it was certainally up to the hotel itself to maintain the privacy of their guests, thus, his details would never have been released, except under exceptional circumstances.
The using of an alias was probably therefore unnecissary.

The Lie Ratio

Because it is impracticle to list every single non-truth Chandler has uttered for both Longer and Latter and why this is non-truth, a comparasion of all episodes involved has been devised.

Handford Episodes include all episodes during 2000 with Tom Chandler in them starting from On the Hook (1); and all episodes in 2001 with Tom Chandler minus Night Games and Aftershock, as these were co-Executively Produced by Chris Parr and some evidence of character alteration.

Marquess Episodes include all episodes from 001 to 053 where Chandler appeared in the episode.

For comparative purposes, Parr Episodes are all episodes from the beginning of 2002 to Quinnan (6). This count includes Night Games and Aftershock, plus tabulated data and status without these episodes (the sole Executive Produced episodes).

Table MC1Aa - Handford Episodes Lies compared against number of scenes in episode

	Lies Per Scene	Lies Per Episode	Episodes Surveyed
Handford Episodes	0.76	4.55	53

Chart MC1Aa - Handford Episodes Lies compared against number of scenes in episode

(Click for larger chart)

Table MC1Ab - Parr Episodes

	Lies Per Scene	Lies Per Episode	Episodes Surveyed
Parr	1.13	5.25	8
Parr without Night Games and Aftershock	1.32	6.17	6

Chart MC1AB - Parr Executive Produced Episodes, Lies compared against number of scenes in episode

NOT COMPLETED YET

Longer Chandler Contradictory Evidence

As demonstated within the Lie Ratio, the Longer Tom Chandler lied far less frequently than the Latter, and the Parr Chandler too.

The Longer Chandler was a very private person. He didn't expose his private and kept his job and private life seperate, and for the most part, personal life out of the way too.

The best example of him becoming emotionally invoved and 'putting himself on the line' for the sake of others was in Gun Crazy (1) when Ms Roper, a Liquor shop owner, was broken into and burgled. Later on Chandler learns that she was a reporter, but in the meanwhile, he tells her a personal story in quote MCA29.

During this scene, the Longer Chandler displayed empathy for Ms Roper, and was angered to learn she had printed why in a local newspaper. Because he was upset later on, this indicates he had emotionally involved himself in what he had told her, or at least thought he had; hence, he was more than likely telling her about his personal life.

Due to knowing press reaction, it is likely the Longer Chandler refrained from expressing such feelings or personal interest to members of the public as it would cause undue press interest. The Latter Chandler never expressed such interest in any case, and actually, expressed disinterest in most police work.

3. impulsivity or failure to develop long-term plans;

“…I gradually realized that [she] was never nervious when entering any new situation because she always knew the rules beforehand. Because she herself always made them up. The fact that they were her rules and n o her employer’s never seemt to matter to her. Nor the fact that confision inevitably resulted. Playing by her predertmined rules, with utter disregard for the way her employers wanted things done, she could never understand why people on the job soon becamse annoyed with her, and, in realavely short order, totally fed, up, if not frankly furious. “People are so unkind,” she would explain.” [pol 167]

“+ parasitic lifestyle” [wg]

“…grows easily bored…” [MBI 83]

“They move through life unencumbered by the doubts…that bother most of us.” [MBI ]

“They do attempt to hide their crimes, but their efforts to do so are often feeble and careless and poorly planned.” [pol 75]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

The Latter was consistently irresponsible- as a police officer, partner, and father.
When McAllister became a nusance to his career, he dumped her (021). When she refused to get a termination on her their baby, he refused to go to the hospital to see ultrascans of their baby. She tried to show him the scan photo, but he snatched it, tore it into pieces, threw the pieces into a toilet and pushed her away, McAllister falling into the side of a sink (031). He refuted Alex Cullen's accusations that he had caused her injury.

Quote MCA20
Chandler: I wasn’t even with her last night. (032)

As Cullen ducked for cover in MIT, Chandler sent him off on scathing words.

Quote MCA21
Chandler: Well you’re a second rater an’ you won’t make it without me an’ you know it. You’re gonna sink my friend. You don’t stand a chance. (036)

He relied on McAllister heavily as he sunk deeper and deeper into trouble about the murder of Anne Merrick, making it virtually her responsibility to gain an allibi for her murder (Quote MCA9). He had also told her to lie about his whearabouts the day Merrick alleged she was raped- had the law been uphead, and she been taken to court, she would have faced perjury charges had she been exposed.

He refused responsibility for his family and brother James, and would not give his struggling parents money to help (037).

His worst crime, by far, was his denial of responsibilty for the rapes of McAllister and Marsden. He denied the rape to McAllister time and time again (one example quote MCA10) then denied to her that it was his fault that she had been raped, and in MCA8 he claimed to know no reason why Merrick would have become manic depressed. MCA1c is an example of how he denied responsiblity for the rape of both Marsden and McAllister. His rape of McAllister in indicates not only depravity, but a clear lack of responsibility as a father and partner. In MCA6 he claimed because his career was far more important that Kate Spears as a human being, and treating her with respect.

His final moments on screen were another example of the Latter's irresponsiblity- he took hostages at gunpoint, one being his in-labour wife whom he had raped the previous night, McAllister. The other was one of two men who had plotted his demise, Meadows. Seconds away from his arrest by CIB, he selfishly refused to face the consiquences for his actions- he shot himself. (053)

Longer Chandler Contradictory Evidence

The Longer Tom Chandler was a man of vision. In On the Hook (1) he outlined part of his plan for a better Sun Hill:

• An extra day off for PC's who have been working really hard
• More bodies on shifts to relieve stress

He also wanted a change of command to fit the demands of modern policing- a more understanding and less judgemental relief.

His transfer of PC Dale Smith was less on merrit grounds, but rather to free the relief of an officer Chandler considered less than suitible for the day-to-day rigors of policing, as indicated in quote MCA22.

Quote MCA22
Cullen: Do you really think you should be rewarding him in this way Sir, if you ask me he's behaived very dubiously throughout this entire affair.
Chandler: Nobody's rewarding anyone, Alex. Just the most convient way of getting rid of him. He's much too dangerous to have around here. (The Leopard (2))

He also noticed that Sergeant Bob Cryer was due for the end of his 30 years of service in the MET, and thought that it was time to introduce a different kind of police officer into one of the Sergeant's positions in the station.

Quote MCA23
Chandler: I have to be honest with you, there's a young sargeant I know who wants a transfer he's young smart, ambitions, going places, I want him to go via Sun Hill. (Tolerance (1))

4. irritability or aggressiveness;

+ low frustration tolerance [wg 67]

“A person who was evaluated according to the PCL or PLC-R didn’t need to have all the traits to be diagnosed a psychopath. …Other researchers noted evidence to suggest that psychopathy emerges early in life and persists into middle age. The “prototypical psychopaths” were shown to be responsible for particularly heinous offences. Childhood indicators include the following:…
+ incidents of theft or aggression”

“It is untrue that psychopaths cannot feel anxiety or strong emotion- they are often exquisitely sensitive to their own needs.” [mbi 86]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

The Latter Chandler was extreamly "moody". He would raise his voice at the "drop of a hat" if he didn't get his own way. quote MCA24 is an example of an angry outburst when his brother James refused to let him into his house. Quote MCA25 is an example of when Simon Kitson, the reporter, prys too deep into Chandler's personal life and accuses him of being incompitent. quote BL2 is an example of him lashing back at Jack Meadows when challenged.

Quote MCA24
Chandler: You know what I want.
James: I don't want to talk to you.
Chandler: Tough. [bashes door down]” (052)

Quote MCA25
Kitson: Well wouldn't you say for someone who came in to clean the place up there's been rather a lot of um unfortunate deaths
Chandler: Sorry, don't know what you're talking about.
Kitson: Where were you when Inspector Conway died. didn't you give the order to stand downs before the fire. Superintendent are you accident prone, unlucky or just incompetent?
Chandler: Right, I withdraw permission of you to use this interview, don't even try. (048)

Chandler also was alleged to have bullied his brother James when they were boys, mentioned in 049. This is an early example of bullying and/or agression.

Chandler became extreamly nearvy when situtations were not in his favour. In 001, he pulled Des Taviner into his office and threatened his job if he revealed anything about their time at Hendon to the rest of the station, whilst there had been no indication that Des planned to reveal any information to the rest of the station in prior Marquess episodes (for further discussion about this conversation and implications see section 4.II)).
When the inebrated Kate Spears threatened to reveal their relationship to the rest of the station in 008, he shouted at her and threw her against the wall.
During 025 and 026 Chandler was on edge as McAllister refused to yield to demands for an abortion to their child.
In 039 when he found that his parents had moved house and not told him about it, he tore up the cheque he was going to give his father to help out with the financial strain of his brother.

Finally, when cornered in 053, his appearance tattered and voice strained progressively as CIB closed in, compleatly ignoring the wailing moans of McAllister's labour pains and holding her at gunpoint, along with Meadows, until he shot himself.

Longer Chandler contradictory evidence

The Longer Chandler was overall, a controlled and level-headed man. Unlike the Latter, he did not let his emotions control him in stressful situations.

In On The Hook (1) he learned of a murder whilst at a party with the relief, leaving, and attending the scene. On the spot he delegated the task of dealing with the enquiry to Jack Meadows, and while Meadows shouted back angryly at him, Chandler remained composed and at no stage raised his voice.

An excellent example of this is in quote BL 1. This is an example of Chandler being placed in a comprimising situation, dealing with concerned parties, and organising officers on the scene.

When Des Taviner threatned to reveal information about his past dealings with Julie Cooper at Hendon in Liquid City, Chandler neither raised his voice or became passive-agressive, as indicated in quote MCA26. During this quote, he maintained his composure, not raising his voice once to Taviner's challenging of his authority or clear contempt for a senior officer.

Quote MCA26
Taviner: Listen I was about thinking, about the PNC, it's not really worth all that fuss is it?
Chandler: Well it's clear abuse of the system, and worth quite a lot of fuss actually.
Taviner: You're the boss.
Chandler: You're right there.
Taviner: Fair enough, poor ol' Reg ay. Oh 'em, there is one other thing...
Chandler: Yes?
Taviner: People talking about you and Kate Spears.
Chandler: Are they? And what have they been saying.
Taviner: The usual crap, don't worry about it, just thought you'd wanna know.
Chandler: Good, thanks for the tip-off.
Taviner: But hearing that did remind me of something, when you an' me were at Hendon. Julie Cooper. 'Cause you made a right mess of her really, didn't ya. Proposin' to her one minute, droppin' her the next. I heard she left the job three weeks after she got onto division.
Chandler: It was nothing to do with me, she was clinically depressed.
Taviner: Yeah but its, a funny thing though, once these stories get out an' about, they can twist around, then where are ya?
Chandler: Oh you really do like living dangerously, don't you.
Taviner: Well you know me. Have think about Reg though ay. I'll see ya later [makes clicking sound with tongue] me ol' mugger.

5. disregard for safety or self or others;

“+ shallow emotions” [wg 67]

“When the chips are down, the psychopath makes sure it is him over you. Exercising this attitude thought life ultimately leads to manipulativeness, exploitation, and the inflicting of pain on others.” [mbi 83]

“Guiltless, they not only commit crimes but may often do so with a kind of reckless abandon.” [pol 75]

“They move through life unencumbered by the…guilts… that bother most of us.” [mbi 84]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

Chandler hopelessly dragged others into what was ultimately, his problem. McAllister, James Chandler, and in the end, Meadows, were those who got involved in Chandlers' problems, winding up "paying" in some way.
The difference between a more normal person and psychopath is that the psychopath does not care who gets hurt as a result of involvement- as clearly exhibited by Chandler.

Chandler verbally and physically abused his brother when he refused to keep quiet about what he witnessed of his brother and Louise Marsden, examples of this in 049 and 052.

He also does not care what sacrifice they had to make in order to help him- because they can only see everything and every situation from their own point of view, nothing is two-sided and there are no alternatives. (when an alternative was followed, Chandler broke into narcissistic rage)

When McAllister refused to hand over the ultrascan photo in 031, he flew into a rage, ripping the photo from her grasp and shreding it, then throwing her down. This was despite McAllister being pregnant with thier child, and him refusing to go along to the medical appointment.

Chandler also pressured McAllister into lying for his movements on the day Anne Merrick claimed she was raped, and to find evidence to back up his allibi that he was changing a tire for a disabled driver rather than murdering Anne Merrick.

He also had a disregard for mental health. Upon his visit to Anne Merrick's house in 044, he started to touch her despite Merrick beginning to cry from his actions.

He also lied to Peter Marsden about what caused his sister to suicide, as evident in quote MCA11, compleatly unrepenting about his moral wrongdoings and displaying a complete failure to understand the effects of his actions on others, for example, that Louise Marsden would suicide over him "having sex" with her.

Whilst not physically harming Dave Gilbert and Gordon Cooper, Chandler did meet with them publically and draw them into discussion about an event that was ultimately his fault and his idea, thus, bringing them into the line of investigation (inadvertantly, perhaps) of Meadows and Webb. However, if this was intentional or not, Chandler showed a lack of regard for their careers or image if they also had charges laid against them. For further insight into the cause of their lack of objection to thier idea, see 4.I)[paragraph 4].

He also indicated he did not care about the functioning of CID, wheather it did or not, as indicated in quote BL2. The fact that he was personally fraught at that moment in time, it seemed, was more important than the functioning of the police station he was in charge of.

He did not care for the welfare of other station officers either. In quote MCA27 he displays a complete distain for the feelings of Polly Page or her personal suffering, when probably it would be more productive suggesting her to take leave to "recover", so she performs her job to the best of her abilities.

Quote MCA27
Chandler: Polly what the bloody hell’d think you’re playing at. I’m not gonna jeopardise this operation because you feel a bit dippy. You can go when I tell you you can go. (008)

But by far, the most obvious example of this 'disregard' was Chandler holding McAllister, his in labour wife, and work collegue Jack Meadows at gunpoint, because he didn't want to face charges, nor the reality, of his crimes (053).

Longer Chandler contradictory evidence

Chandler knew well of the history behind PC Polly Page and PC Dave Quinnan. In Going Under p1, he mentioned how he had been in a similar situation to Dave as far as work and personal life mixing badly.

Quote MCA28
Chandler: Are you on overtime?
Clarke: Yes Sir.
Chandler: Not anymore you're not, get yourself home, gets some rest.
Clarke: I've been dong the intelligence report...
Chandler: Good but you are on your probationers.
Clarke: I did a computer course at Hendon.
Chandler: Home, now. And get yourself a life, madame.

Chandler: Morning June.
Ackland: Morning Sir.
Chandler: I'm not trying to tell you how to do your job or anything, but I'd to consider giving the probationers A little less overtime? It's more than they're used to.
Ackland: Which one?
Chandler: Roz Clarke. I just think they should be living a life at that age, not just doing police work. (Temptation)

In quote MCA28, Chandler shows regard for the livelihood for junior officer PC Roz Clarke. By telling her to go home, and given his experience in station management must be fairly extensive before this point, he displays consciousness for her work, attempting to set a standard for her he knows is realistic in her work to train her into a better police officer, and additionally, a happier person overall (for not working overtime constantly).

He is also consciousness of the seviere shock of a victim of a holdup, identifying with her after his negative encounter with firearms. He displays his concern for her situation by taking her into his office, listening to her story, offering a drink and even telling her his personal story.

Quote MCA29
Roper: Do you mind if I asked, why are you so involved in this?
Chandler: Well, as I said I dislike firearms. When I was a Duty Inspector, a young PC was shot and killed on my relief. I had to tell his wife, she was expecting his first child. I'd sent him to make the arrest. There was a rumour the villain was carrying a gun. It was only a rumour but if perhaps if I'd've taken it seriously...

6. consistent irresponsibility;

“They move through life unencumbered by the …obligations that bother most of us.” [mbi 84]

“Peck would classify evil within the cluster B personality disorders, whose common thread is denial of personal responsibility.” [mbi 82]

“They do not consider their crimes crimes. What seems like a crime to us is to thema an expediency, an act of entitlement.” [mbi 83]

“…and a resistance to rules and demands.” [Mbi 84]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

According to Tom Chandler, nothing was ever his fault. Everything that went wrong was someone elses' fault, and someone elses' problem.

When he failed to keep up-to-date with the CID paperwork, according to him, it was not his fault CID couldn't function properly. As seen in quote BL2, Chandler seems to affix blame elsewhere, and tries to make it Meadows' problem to deal with. When retaliated against, he does not react well to the challenge.

He was irresponsible as a father to McAllister's child, then, as her husband. When she went in for an ultrascan in 031 and pushed her into the sink, he denied several times to Alex Cullen personally that he was responsible in 032 , going so far as to suggest checking her prior police record to prove that she was manipulative and did the injury herself.

Chandler also failed to consider the consiquences of raping a very pregnant woman, specifically, his new wife McAllister in 052. As a result of his raping McAllister and the shock of not only finding out that her husband had raped before and caused a girl to suicide, also, being held at gunpoint, McAllister went into early labour, to which Chandler also did not take responsiblity for in quote MCA2.

In quote MCA4, Chandler fails to recognise his part in the engagement to McAllister by suggesting she go and buy an engagement ring by herself. McAllister feels that this is entirely impersonal, and Chandler is unable to understand why she would feel this way but seemingly does not consider further why she rejected his offer.

As was the case in 051 where chandler went for a job interview for a transfer out of the station, organised via DAC Gordon Cooper. Throughout the intereivew, Chandler makes a series of blunders, mentioning the controversy and press coverage about his past and his part in the explosion of gas cylinders causing deaths of many of his officers, among other fowlups on his part.

Chandler also blamed McAllister and Louise Marsden as each a 'little tease', thus transfixing blame for him raping them in quote MCA3. His narcissistic view of the situation is potrayed in quote MCA29, Chandler using the argument that because everyone else (although whilst drunk) thought that Louise wanted sex, therefore it wasn't his fault that she felt she had been raped, and then commit suicide.

On the night of the alleged rape, Cooper and Gilbert were said to have heald Louise Marsden down while Chandler raped her. Had Cooper and Gilbert been as drunk as described by those involved, their perception of the right and wrong could have been impared. Also, had group narcissism have been previlent, Chandler would have been the 'ringleader' to the other two men, thus, although they heald Louise down, Chandler is clearly the majority responsible for the incident despite his claims otherwise in several instances.

Quote MCA29
Chandler: ...And when I tried to touch her she pulled away. Said it wasn't what she wanted….I mean what was it some kind of stupid game? I mean everybody had seen it the way she looked at me the way that she touched me how much she wanted me and she did! She did want me! Everybody knew it!”

The Latter Chandler was also an irresponsible police officer. Whilst on duty during 024 , Chandler had uttered the phrase on quote MCA30 abruptly, almost dismissingly, demonstrating his lack of interest in the running of the police station to which he was Superintendent.

Quote MCA30
Chandler: Oh yes, the assault case, right. (024) (had ignored prior the significance of the case)

Longer Chandler contradictory evidence

Chandler took a consistent interest at his work as Superintendent of Sun Hill. In Behind Enemy Lines he appointed Cheif Inspector Derek Conway as cheif negotiator as Conway had experience in negotiating, whilst he was in charge of units on scene. He also asked for case updates updates continually in Tolerance, Gun Crazy, and Come Live With Me, and in a large majorty of episodes where Chandler made more than two appearances, he was most likely recieving case updates. Sun Hill was Chandler's responsiblity, and he made sure he "toed the line".

Chandler was also consious of public attitudes and internal police attitudes to station leaders being involved with officers, particually when there was an age difference involved. Therefore, he tried to keep his relationship with DC Kate Spears professional for ten months before asking her out to dinner.

Chandler also recognised the importance of new ideas and new ways of "doing things" within the MET, which is why he was keen to have young Sargeant Gilmore onboard and the ageing Sargeant Bob Cryer in retirement. Even in today's MET, Bob Cryer was old by their standards and likely would have been up for retirement at the age the character Bob Cryer retired.

7. lack of remorse and indifference to harming, mistreating, or stealing from another.

“Refocusing antisocial personality disorder, psychopathy is now redefined as a disorder characterized by traits that Cleckley had listen, with a few more included as follows:
+ lack of remorse or empathy” [wg 67]

“They undergo no internal dialogue, no wrestling with conscience.” [mbi 85]

“Psychopaths do what has to be done- nothing personal- swiftly, efficiently, expediently.” [mbi 85]

“…although lacking in true warmth and affection…” [mbi 83]

“Although most of us are self-interested, we relatively normal folks usually eveually get around to thinking about another persona nd his often different point of view…people who act evilly reflect a “brand of narcissism so total that they seem to lack, in whole or in part, this capacity for empathy.” [mbi 82]

“(a) consistent destructive, scapegoating behaviour, which may often be quite subtile.” [pol 129]

“+ Serial relationships (multiple marriages)” [wg 67]

“+ lack of remorse or empathy” [wg 76]

“Their narcissism makes the evil dangerous…because it deprives them of the restraint that results from empathy and respect for others.” [mbi 82]

Latter Chandler supporting evidence

The most exhemplorary of the traits for the Latter Chandler was definetly this trait. Throughout many episodes, but mostly 053, Chandler harmed, hurt, and attempted to destroy others seemingly without feeling any guilt whatsoever.

In front of Robbie Cryer, his complete lack of social skills coupled with a lack of spartial awareness had him wondering why he had no friends, moments before he held his pregnant wife and DCI hostage in quote MCA31.

Quote MCA31
“Maybe that’s where I went wrong” (053)

Because he was unable to see things through anyone's perspecitve but his own, he showed a complete lack of remorce for raping Louise Marsden in quote MCA32. He also had the or his wife Debbie McAllister in quote MCA33, despite her consistent loyalty and finding of 'Jeff', Chandler's allibi on the night of Anne Merrick's murder. To him, the goal of sex on his wedding night was more important than her health or safety as seen in quote MCA34.

Quote MCA32
“I'm not sorry I raped Louise Marsden.” (053)

Quote MCA33
McAllister: I thought we'd agreed. This is an arrangement. For the sake of the baby. I mean it's hardly a love job is it?!
Chandler: I love you.
McAllister: Funniest thing I've heard all year.
Chandler: No, I do.
McAllister: Any man that rapes a woman isn't capable of love.
Chandler: No? When did the pendulum swing that far? (053)

Quote MCA34
McAllister: And last night?
Chandler: You're my wife. You started playing games again.
McAllister: Games?!
Chandler: Our wedding night and you think we're not gonna have sex. (053)

In 052 Chandler displayed arrogant and inconsiderate behavours, coming to his and McAllisters wedding in a work suit.

Chandler was also obvious to why he had no freinds, as in MCA35, and treated other 'friends' he did have poorly in MCA36, ignoring the apprehension of Merrick. Chandler also thought nothing of involving Sergeant Dave Gilbert and DAC Gordon Cooper to protect him from being pried at by Meadows and Webb. He also thought nothing of (as the Latter claimed) putting off a relationship with Spears so as to not jepardise being promoted to Borough Commander in quote MCA38

Quote MCA35
Robbie C: I've got a few friends yeah
Chandler: And you're happy with your lot.
Robbie C: S'pose so.
Chandler: Maybe that's where I went wrong. Who knows.(053)

Quote MCA36
Chandler: Anne gave me an ultimatum, and I told her to stuff it…stupid cow. (053)

Quote MCA37
Chandler: It matters because I'm not sorry. I committed a crime in the eyes of the law. More than one crime. But I don't feel guilty. (053)

Quote MCA38
“It’s my career, Kate, I’ve worked hard for it.” (002)

Latter Chandler Contradictory Evidence

Superintendent Tom Chandler was empathetic toward Dave Quinnan. In Going Under Tom Chandler had a one-on-one with Dave about the impacts of having an affair with a fellow officer, and that he had done the same (at previous stations).

In Faultline when it was clear that Dave Quinnan had gone AWOL several times and was in need of councilling, Chandler seriously recommended it.

Quote MCA39
Chandler: Well I don't think you have a choice, do you?

In Britainnimania: To Us and ours, Chandler is furous at McAllister and makes her sit in on a speakerphone of Mickey Webb being beat up by Julian Napper and his Britainnimania gang after she blew her cover of being Mickey's girlfriend.

He showed concern for the welfare of Roz Clarke as a probationary officer several times. In episode Temptation, Chandler found Roz Clarke working overtime, and considering this unacceptable for a probationary officer, told her to go home. He then further investigated the matter with a Sargeant, suggesting to Ackland that probationaries don't do overtime in quote MCA40.

Quote MCA40
Chandler: Are you on overtime?
Clarke: Yes Sir.
Chandler: Not anymore you're not, get yourself home, get some rest.
Clarke: I've been dong the intelligence report.
Chandler: Good, but you are on your probationers.
Clarke: I did a computer course at Hendon...
Chandler: Home, now. and get yourself a life, Madame.
...
Chandler: Morning June.
Ackland: Morning Sir.
Chandler: I'm not trying to tell you how to do your job or anything, but I'd to consider giving the probationers a little less overtime? It's more than they're used to.
Ackland: Which one?
Chandler: Roz Clarke. I just think they should be living a life at that age, not just doing police work. (Temptation)

Tom Chandler decided not to follow Kate Spears home in the cab in Liquid City. Why?
Although there can be a lot of speculation as to why this is, perhaps the fact that he had been holding off any form of relationship for ten months, then cautiously asked her out on a date, may lead to the conclusion that after hearing Alex Cullen say,

Quote MCA39
Cullen: Well that changes things with Kate Spears then, doesn't it? Can't be seen chasing around after a pretty young DC now, can you? (Liquid City)

Maybe that's just it. Maybe he did just "drop her" as was speculated from 001 on by the writers who quite possibly hadn't even seen Liquid City, never mind the ten months of flirtatous behaviour that proceeded it.
Or maybe, despite the rumours being whipped around by Des Taviner regarding Julie Cooper, he might have not started something that would have only ended in tears. Even for the both of them.

Interestingly, this theorey cannot be disproven because Chandler did not appear in any episodes speaking to Kate Spears beyond Liquid City besides Night Games and Aftershock, episodes both co-Executive Produced by Chris Parr.

The Chandler-Spears relationship is explorered further in 2.III).

This section continued soon.

 

To Come:

• Mental Congition Diagnosis- psychologists' definitions of psychopaths/sociopaths and narcissists put against the two

c) He thought, he did: logic and thinking comparasons

Longer	Latter
Friendly, approachable, interested More honest (let Spears go instead of secretive fling) Helpful with work	Disinterested, angry manipulative neutral: Neither interested nor helpful with work

II) Professional Etiquite

III) Changes In Behaviour(s) in Personal Relationships

As indicated through cognative comparason in 2.I)i, the Longer and Latters' social and cognative behaviours were quite different. However, it this section will go into the finite detail of Chandler's relationships and the inexplicable differences between the Latter and Longers' Relationships.

DC Kate Spears

From an interest that began the episode the Longer laid eyes on her,

Chandler: What about Spears?
Cullen: Seems keen.
Chandler: I like the look of her record.
Cullen: Is that all? (On The Hook (1))

To setting her in a positive light trapped in a bungled bank robbery turned hostage situation,

Chandler: DC Spears is young but very professional. (Behind Enemy Lines)

To displaying a keen interest in her work and congratulaing her on her work,

Chandler: Ah Kate, well done on that arson case, not the easiest of things to deal with, but Jack Meadows was really pleased with your contribution.
Spears: Thankyou Sir.
Chandler: Are you walking down?
Spears: Yeah.
Chandler: Good, so how's the surviving daughter doing?
Spears: As well as to be expected, she's on the up... (Two Way Burn)

Then again showing interest in her work and assigning her on her first important iniative for Sun Hill,

Chandler: Kate, well done for today, although hardly an ideal day for the Hayes woman.
Spears: Well, we've got a good case against the husband, Sir, which was the original point.
Chandler: True enough, and we can't live other people's lives for them. This initiative's gonna be a long term project so maybe we should get together and have a chat about it...soon?
Spears: Great, Sir.
Chandler: Okay, see you later. (Real Crime)

Displaying once again a strong interest in her work,

Chandler: Kate, how's everything?
Spears: Fine, Sir.
Chandler: No problems?
Spears: No.
Chandler: Well, you know where I am if you need me. (Tollerance (2))

Defending her actions to her seniors,

Chandler: Oh and I hear Sergent Ackland wasn't too happy about you using one of her officers.
Spears: She did say something.
Chandler: Oh leave it to me, I'll smooth her feathers [smiles]. (Eye of the Lens)

And assinging her on gathering sensative intelligence on a spate of robberies,

Chandler: ...there are actually very good reasons for us "building bridges" with Sun Hill's comprehensives right now.
Spears: The tank girls?
Chandler: Bingo. Look, between you and I, Alex's been on their tail for a month now, and he's got nowhere, thats not saying anything against him of course...
Spears: Of course, Sir.
Chandler: ...but I the key to this case is getting the kids in the area to talk think someone knows whose in that gang.
Spears: And you want me to see what I can find out.
Chandler: No, I want you to "build bridges", Kate. But any information you dig up along the the way will be greatfully recieved.
Spears: Alright. Leave it with me, Sir.

And finally assigning her on a serial arsonists case.

 

During this episode, Liquid City, Chandler requested Spears' company for a non-work supper, and during this supper, talked openly of his family.

 

This wasn't the first time Chandler had been canny about his feelings on certain issues-

[that woman that tried to help Lisa Hayes]

Chandler: ...Look, between you and I, Alex's been on their tail for a month now, and he's got nowhere, thats not saying anything against him of course... (Crush)

[comment about Alex in Liquid City]

Why did then he reject Spears' offer to come back to her house?

The speculation that is projected in 001 episodes as the "whole truth" is the purely selfish reason that he cared more for his career and borough commander prospects than for a young DC, as Cullen would suggest.

Cullen: I suppose this changes things with Kate Spears. If you're trying to impress at bourough commander level, you can't be seen chasing 'round after pretty young DCs can you?

Fact versus fiction however:

There was a ten month gap between On the Hook (1) and Liquid City. Ten months is a fairly long and sustained "interest" to simply drop someone. Namely, how could a person (the Latter) with Antisocial Personality Disorder with an interest span in someone giving them free sex last only a month, whilst another (the Longer) giving them the odd smile and usually agreement on issues raised remain entertaining?

This conversation in Liquid City (to be unbiased, the entire conversation is retained and no lines have been removed):

Cullen: Are you serious about Kate Spears?
Chandler: Why?
Cullen: If she's up for a bit on the side, fine. Then a hint that she's getting serious an' you better put a stop to it, right now.
Chandler: Now wait a minute, Alex...
Cullen: You mess her around, she's gonna be trouble.
Chandler: Make your point.
Cullen: I don't want emotional casualties on my team
Chandler: But it's not your team though, is it? Jack Meadows is the DCI.
Cullen: Oh, that's good coming from you. as if you have any respect for the man.
Chandler: Well he might be old school but at least he recognises rank when he sees it.
Cullen: Sir.

The first four lines say a great deal: Cullen demands Chandler's motives for a relationship with Spears and Chandler refuses to elaborate. Why would he do this to a "friend"? From earlier quotes in this section, it can be seen that Chandler has openly expressed his opinion on Cullen's flaws to Spears: thus, he has respect for her at the expense of Cullen's professionalism as a team leader. Chandler could quite easily be ballencing both of his interests in his mind- Spears versus Cullen's loyalty as CID second-in-command.

Cullen implies that Chandlers' motives are purely selfish and for sex only, then Chandler tries to stop him in his tracks. If he were just up for, as Cullen puts it "a bit on the side", why not deflect, "Yeah so what?". Chandler doesn't, and Cullen moves on, "She's gonna be trouble" says the prophet of doomsday.

Sure, Chandler goes, "Make your point", but why not agree? Perhaps he is again protecting selfish interests, or maybe he's asking for Alex's opinion because he doesn't really care what he has to say and he'd just like Alex to move on and make his point (he's been ignoring what Alex thinks over Spears for ages, why start caring now?). Chandler knows he's the boss, he likes being the boss (especially Spears' boss) and doesn't want to give time of day to nay-sayer Cullen, who after all, has seen Chandlers' endevours in past relationships and theoretically is ballencing his opinions on prior events, but there is no strong evidence for or against this. (the author of the script could have attempted to imply that Chandler's past was shady through the Des Taviner/Julie Cooper debarcle but there is again, nothign to suggest that that was one-off with someone who was mentally unstable)
Or perhaps he is again aware that because of his own selfish self-interests that he's going to cause "fall out" regardless and he doesn't care. However, with a prolonged interest (ten months) this does not seem likely.

When Alex says he doesn't want emotional casualties on his team, Chandler goes on the back foot, but it is this point in the conversation where intentions seem most conflicted and mixed-messages for the viewer result. It could be said why doesn't Chandler reassure Cullen there won't be "casulaties" if he's so sure?
It could be, as has been implied, that Chandler snaps at him because it he knows his actions would be indefencable and unprofessional since he's only after sex with Spears and knows he'll break her heart (if it lasts that long).
He does snap at Cullen, but he's been teetering the entire conversation. throughout, he hasn't cared what Cullen has had to say about his relationship with Spears, and doesn't care for the political arguments- Cullen may have deliberley hit a raw nerve, causing Chandler to back off from being emotionally uninvolved in the conversation to trying to cut Cullen down in his tracks from trying to use authority over him.
Cullen, being the calculating political man he is, probably noted this raw nerve he hit, using it as his weapon ("If you're trying to impress at bourough commander level, you can't be seen chasing 'round after pretty young DCs can you?") to wound Chandler and force him into a corner. Or, as has been suggested, wean him off her, however this argument is weak because of Chandler's sustained interest.

[the date]

During the date, Chandler did the following-

Revealed previously unknown information about his family and expressed an opinion about them;

Agreed with Spears' opinion about Guy Mannion;

Agreed to go back to Spears' house.

 

The Bourough Commanders' job probably was the primary reason why Chandler didn't get into the taxi, indesputibly, because he seemed to be enjoying himself during the date.
The reasons behind why they Borough Commanders' job interfierred are questionable.

As has been suggested, Chandler could have been conflicted because he got sick of her that evening and decided she wasn't worth the sex. Another reason suggested is that "she would get in the way" of his career path.
However, again taking into account the fact that his interest was a sustained one (ten months), perhaps, coupled with his earlier conversation with Alex Cullen about him having the right to have a relationship with her, and that he had the right to have a long one if he so wanted, then he didn't want to hurt her.
This theorey makes more sense if his attitude toward her the next day is taken into account.

[quote from next day]

Perhaps he was a no-heart bastard who went ice-cold because he was sick of her and he knew he couldn't get sex out of her, however, again the fact that the interest was so sustained suggests that he was more voiding interest in her because he;

• Didn't want to give her any ideas that something was going to happen and thereby hurt her;

• Couldn't handle toning down what was already going on so it was a reflex reaction to "go icy" on her.

 

 

• His treatment of Kate Spears: the Latter carnalised her, the Longer could not. McAllister did not like. Could not start relationship with her.
• Attraction to Debbie McAllister (when he thought she was a poor copper

Chandler: Yes, come in.
McAllister: Sir.
Chandler: Debbie, yes I wanted to talk to you about what you think happened to them.
McAllister: Well, the Hadleighs are very unstable people, Sir.
Chandler: They've just lost a baby.
McAllister: Yes Sir, but June an' I...
Chandler: I'm not interested in June, you were the officer in charge! And it was my understanding, it was your approach that set fire to what was an already volitile situation. Well am I right?
McAllister: No I don't think so Sir!
Chandler: Oh really? Well, Debbie, as a young newly-promoted Sergeant, if you wanna make a go of it, you gotta start facing up to your msitakes and learning from them.
McAllister: Sir.
Chandler: So if you've got half the potential I think you've got, go out and salvige this situation.
McAllister: I will sir.
Chandler: Good.

McAllister: I wanna get on in this job just as much as you do only but I think pulling dropouts is giving it to the Superintendent.
Spears: Yeah but I think...
McAllister: Everyone's different, lets leave it at that shall we. (Beyond the Call)

IV) Social Life

It was alleged in Episode 053, within the quote referenced below, that Chandler not only had no friends outside of work but could not undestand the importance or indeed how to keep friends or maintain proper personal relationships.

Robbie C: I've got a few friends yeah.
Chandler: And you're happy with your lot.
Robbie C: S'pose so.
Chandler: Maybe that's where I went wrong. Who knows.

It has been proven earlier in this report that the Longer Chandler did not display symptoms of Anti-Social Personality disorder, which would, in part, explain for the Latters' distain and lack of value placed on friendship.

However, there is evidence to suggest the longer Chandler had friends, and definetly had a social life outside of work.

During episode The Night Before, Chandler had a somewhat lively phone conversation. From only hearing his end of the conversation, it is quite clear the person he was speaking to was more than a work colleague.

Chandler: Hello, Tom Chandler?...Hello mate!...Yeah you too...When?...That sounds great!...Okay, let me just grab my diary...Y'still there? Right, eh...next Thursday...Yeah, that sounds great!...Okay, thursday it is. I'll seeya there Bye. Ooh! before you go, did ah, did anything happen between you and Gabby last weekend? No! What she wasn't wearing, you mean! No! [laughs]...
[A few scenes later]
Okay, yep and you too. And to Janet..Bye bye mate."

In this quote, Chandler organised a meeting with the person (presumibly male); asked a personal question about the goings on; made a personal remark unsuitible for conversation with a business or casual contact; and called the caller, "mate".
All these indicators suggest that the person he was speaking had a friendly relationship with; he was going to enjoy a meeting with this person; and that overall, the "tightly-wound" Tom Chandler understood knew how to loosen.

3. Concept Irregularities

I) Marsden

Peter Marsden, brother of Louise, was in training along with Tom Chander at Hendon Police College. Because Chandler had met Louise a summer prior,

"Obviously I met her before school holidays, that kinda thing; y'know she was very pretty but she was a kid I, I didn't pay her any attention. Then you brought her up to Hendon, it was different. 'Grown up. Filled out."

Marsden and Chandler would not have known each other as aquaintainces, probably more, or Marsden would not have trusted Chandler to help him "find out the truth" to why Louise had suicided.
Liquid City says that Chandler ended an engagement with Julie Cooper before the end of Hendon. However, Chandler was allegedly the boyfriend of Anne Merrick during this time. He also raped Louise Marsden sometime around this time period too.

Chandler could not have kept Cooper a secret. Julie Cooper was also studing at Hendon, so Des Taviner said. Des Taviner was not part of Chandler's close circle of friends- both had bare contact, according to Latter and Longer history, and even Taviner knew about Julie Cooper. If Julie Cooper was studying at Hendon with Chandler, but also Gordon Cooper, Dave Gilbert, and Peter Marsden himself, all of them would have known about her. Yet, past 001 nobody mentions her.

Setting aside the implausibility that all these events could happen simultaneously (which is further discussed in 3.II)), why, as man training as a police officer and going to spend at least ten-odd-years arresting, interrogating and determining the guilt of suspects, wouldn't Peter Marsden have some doubts about Tom Chandler's intentions, knowing his history (the tidbits presented on screen) with women and know him well as a person, hence recognising that "aiding an investigation into the sucide of his sister" was unusual full stop?

II) Julie Cooper

Taviner: But hearing that did remind me of something, when you an' me were at Hendon. Julie Cooper. 'Cause you made a right mess of her really didn't ya. Proposin' to her one minute, droppin' her the next...I heard she left the job three weeks after she got onto division.
Chandler: It was nothing to do with me, she was clinically depressed.

4. External Evidence

I) Sexual Assault and Police Forces

In the past five years, four seperate cases of serious sexual assault(s) have come to light, dating back as far as twenty years ago.
Public attitude considers sexual offenders and police officers as different- there were, it seemed, very few five years ago.
Although this hasn't changed (out of however many police officers, a minute per cent are sexual offenders), for the sake of comparason and who exactly the most recent perpertrators have been detailed below. From the media spotlight of these occurances it has become clear that the offenders resided in no particular police force- although one New Zealander is mentioned, a number of other ex-police have been accused. Also, there have been a number of recent "public inquries" into police forces across the globe- in New South Wales, Australia, there was one in 1999 and in Victoria, Australia, there was one continuing to collect evidence as of 13th June 2004; corruption is the niggling infection of police forces worldwide, one that may never be fully irradicated due to human nature.

However, sexual offences with forces are more isolated.

Most of the comparative cases used in this report are pending court/inquiry hearing. This report takes the allegations to be truthful for the sake of comparason, but does not make the astertion that they are "truthful"; as the possiblity allegations against the Latter Superintendent Tom Chandler, with the facts as Paul Marquess perscribed them, in a true court of law, would not find him guilty beyond reasonable doubt.

A "culture" of sexual assualt means that there was a more sexist culture within the area the rape(s) occured. This may also have been a trigger for what is known in psychology as Groupthink(Janis & Mann, 1977):

• All the "group members" (in this case, a particular social group or police station) think that because they are in a group, they are invulnerable;
• That any contracticary views expressed from those outside the group will be discounted and the person devalued usually into a stereotypical manner;
• Taking a "moral highground"- all exterior ethics are discounted in favour of what the group promotes;
• Rivals are stereotyped and in doing so, devalued- "Us verses them" and "them" being "evil";
• Pressure exherted over those who offer opposing views within the group to conform to the leader's view, thus returning to consensus
• Self-censorship- anyone who expresses reservation for a group decision is qualshed, ensuring they do not oppose the decision again
• A shared feeling of unanimity that means group members feel since they are all in agreement, they do not express their doubts, thus justifying self-censorship in each members' mind.

Types of Offenders

For the sake of comparson, a table comparing "organised" and "disorganised" offenders has been included below in Table SAPF1 from the book Profile of a Criminal Mind. The book states that the table is similar of that used by the American Federal Buero of Intelligence for criminal profiling. The third catergory, not included, is "mixed" with a mixture of traits from both types of offender.

Organised	Disorganised
Average to above average intelligence	Below average intelligence
Socially competent	Socially inadequate
Likely to be a skilled worker	Unskilled worker
Sexually competent	Sexually incompetent
High in order of birth	Low in order of birth
Father’s employment stable	Father’s employment unstable
Inconsistent childhood discipline	Harsh Childhood discipline
Controlled mood during crimes	Anxiety during crimes
Alcohol usually associated with crimes	Minimal use of alcohol
Precipitating situational stress	Minimal situational stress
Living with partner	Living alone
Mobility, with car in good condition	Lives/works near crimes
Interest in news media reporting of crimes	Minimal interest in news media
Following the Crime/s
May change employment or leave area	Significant behaviour change (eg drug or alcohol use)

 

Profiles

Benfield
Former Sergent Paul Benfield, 31 in 1998, was seconded to Parkrise station during his spree of rapes, 1998-1999. Possibly less based on fantasy and more on a desire for power, as he discovered he could 'get away' with the crimes, he continued to assault more women. He was clearly a repeat offender, attacking women first in thier home during 1998-1999, then women in their cells in 1999, indicating an increase in confidence. Woman C he knew personally and had a prior relationship, this showing he had no preface to knowing or not knowing his victims. The spread of ages, 20-45, shows that he had no single victim in mind, and that there may have been an opportunistic element to victim selection. He also felt that the crime was justified, because he claimed that Woman C had not only called him into her flat, but had started cuddling him, and boasted to the court that the alledged victims had made advances at him.
While he was sentenced, he wept, and had chosen to plead guilty. While this can neither be construed as true 'guilt' for his crimes, and was convicted of two rapes, an indecent assault and burglary with intent to rape. He also pleaded guilty to three further indecent assaults.

Carruthers
Currently appealing a 12-year-sentence, Sergent Adam Carruthers, 38, worked in the Langholm, Scotland for Dumfries and Galloway Police during his proven and alledged offences. Convicted in 2001 of raping two women, and initally facing seven charges including rape and sexual assault, he later had allegations made against him of stalking. Age was probably of no concern to Carruthers- alledged victims between 20-55, he was opportunistic- on police business he raped Mrs Y, and his repeat offending against both Mrs X and Mrs Y indicates that he had cemented "confort zones". Because he continued to rape Mrs X and showed no remorce after court sentencing and claims that the link between the crimes was local rumour and speculation, he showed/s a complete lack of remorce for victims. He's of above average intelligence and gained the trust of people close to the victims while continuing the abuse- He asked Mrs X's family to leave while he took a statement from her about her attempted suicide, only to rape her in her own bed. Because of the time frame, 1993-1996 (back to 1983 for unproven offences), and having a marrage with children, the attacks were possibly based on sexual fantasy rather than some form of unrestrained sexual desire or mental illness. He seemed to believe that victims were willing him on- taking particular interest in nude paintings in Mrs Y's studio, and alledgedly playing suggestively with his truncheon before seuxally abusing the 55 year old victim.
Both Mrs X and Mrs Y either attempted or contemplated suicide after the incidents and unproven incidents. Mrs Y only indentified Carruthers 2 years after the rape and he made threatening phone calls to her while the internal investigation was carried out.
There are also unproven allegations of stalking against Carruthers.

Richards
43 year-old high-flyer former New Zealand Assistant Commissioner was tipped to be the next New Zealand Commissioner and the first Maori Police Commissioner- a goal he told anyone who'd listen. Rickards is married to Tanya Eden with five children between them.
But even as he was promoted by the Commissioner himself, he had unanswered "marks" on his record dating back to his days as a Constable in Rotorua. As a 25-year-old Constable in 1986, Louise Nicholaus alledges he participated in pack-raping her and voilating her with a missing batton in a Police Department owned house.
The allegations were brought to the attention of the police in 1993 by Nicholaus. She claims that then Inspector John Dewar mishandled the investigation in an effort to cover for the officers. Since the allegations have come to light, there have been allegations against Dewar that he participated in group sex. It has also been revealsed that Commissioner Rob Robson knew of the allegations and had associated with Rickards socially around the time of the rape.
Rickards and the other two officers who alledgedly raped Ms Nicholaus, Brad Shipton and Bob Schollum, strenously deny the allegations and have been called to speak at the New Zealand Royal Commission into police culture rather than just the once incident: Ms Nicholaus has made seven allegations against various officers, as have other women, alledging rape and assault. This could be an excellent (but unfortunate) example of "Groupthink" within the police force.

Unidentified "x"
Australian policeman working in the Burnett region of Queensland, Australia, allegedly raped a 16 year old girl in 2004. Assigned to interviewing her and three other female victims of an alledged paedophile, he made sexual ovitures at two of the victims, and one other girl not associated with the case. The victim, who was greiving the loss of a family member at the time, was alledged to have cried on the officer's shoulder days after the death, when according to her father, "then his hands were going everywhere and she said no and he kept on going".
Because x was interested only in young women, it can be assumed this is who he was targeting, either because of their lack of physical strength or pure sexual attraction- probably a mixture of both, the prime motive of rape being power.

Table SAPF2

Attribute	Offenders
	Benfield	Carruthers	Rickards	Unidenfied "x"	Chandler
Type of offender closest to?	Organised	Organised	Organised	Organised	?
Alchohol involved in offences?	No	No	No	No	Yes
Repeat offender?	2 rapes, 4 sexual assaults	2 rapes, 10 sexual assaults, alledgedy stalked other women	2 rapes?	Sexual ovitures to 3 other teenagers but no further opportunies to rape	Yes, 2 rapes
Duration of offences	September 1998-1999(house attacks), 15 days in 1999 (cell attacks)	November 1993-1996, Maybe dating back to 1983 but insufficent evidence to procecute	1983-1985	2004	1984, 2002
Denied offence or attempted to coverup?	"I was very suprised when I was told I was being suspended and all my uniform was being seized for forensic testing."	Says rape claims are "utter fabircation", intends to appeal convictions, no emotion displayed while leaving courtroom	Streniously denies rape claims, claims sex was consensual	Possibly wanted to get victim's father-on side, unclear of police cover-up or denial	"No, I had sex with Louise"
Were other police officers involved in coverup?	Yes, one lied about his wherabouts one incident of raping Woman B	No	Yes, joined in rape	No	Yes, participants covered for him
A culture of sexual assault?	No	No	Yes, rapes and harassment commited by other officers	No	Yes, chauvanist objectification of women- "all the boys knew it"
Comitted and functional relationship with women after or prior to assault, before exposed publically?	Yes, girlfriend	Yes, married 17 years with 2 children	Yes, married with 5 children	Unknown	No, marriage result of vendettah, used women- relationship one-sided
Places sexual assault(s) committed	Station, victim's homes	Bus (unproven), victim's homes.	House owned by police department	Victim's home, sexual ovitures unknown (but had to deal with them regarding police business)	Bedroom (probably his own)
Opportunistic Element?	Yes and No	Yes and No	No	Yes	Yes
Victim ages	20-45	20-55	18	16	18

Global similarities

All of the accused in Table SAPF2 were organised- there was some or a great deal of planning and forethought put into their crimes, and all alledgedly sexually assaulted women over the age of 15.

Majority Similarities

Most rejected in cable SAPF2 the allegations of rape- they thought they were entitled to their "deed". Most were repeat offenders, or at least sexual predators. Most alchohol was not involved in. Most were not involved in a culture that would have stemmed "groupthink".

Accused followed patterns of offending- over often a number of years. Once the accused had become accustomed to the situation of a particular offence, the situation would be repeated.
If the accused did not have the opportunity to re-offend, or indeed offend as in some cases, they established a pattern of this technique, and sexual offences may have been the next step in many of these cases.

The accused were mostly commited in victims homes, in public, or even on police property. This indicates planning, and reasserts the importance of gaining confidence before escallation of offences. It also places the victim away from the accused, thus, destabilising a direct link between the accused and the offence.

The majority of accused, all those who re-offended in patterns, were in a stable relationship-consistent with an "organised" offender. Subsiquently, most did not use alchohol substancially prior to attacks.

The four repeat accused can be classified into two groups- ones that target young women, and ones that target women of a wide range of ages. The wide ranging age accused carried out a greater number of attacks than the more selective accused.

Differences

Target groups were different of offenders in SAPF2, and this variabled the targets- The spread of ages in the attack that included both opportunistic and non-opportunistic attacks shows planning and forethought but also a mind driven by desire rather than pure planning.

The accused that allegedly used batons in their attacks targetted different age grouped victims, and this was probably more a symbol of power and possibly linked to fantasy, however because of the infrequence of use in the repeat alledgedly offending accused, Carruthers, it cannot be said that in his case the weapon had any major symbolic significance during attacks, and can thus be reasonally discarded. However, it is important to note Nicholaus alledges she was raped repeatedly but only during the assault carried out with Rickards involved was a baton included.

Chandler's family situation was inconsistent with an "organised" offender- while his was stable and disipline almost certainally regular, his family situation defies both "organised" and "disorgainsed" catergories.

Core differences between Chandler and Et. All

Chandler was drunk on both occasions but all other offenders were not. The use of alchohol during assaults is characterised among a "disorganised" criminal, so too were the distance of his assaults from his residence (none) and did not change behaviour after the crime had been commited other than covering up what he had done. Interestingly, it was his brother James that exhibited the "disorganised" characterstic of deterioration after witnessing the crime, whearas Chandler seemed to be able to live with his conscience and not reoffend over a period of fifteen years.
Chandler otherwise fits the profile of an "organised" criminal.
These offenders followed a pattern of sexual assaults- be it a lead up to one, a string of similar as they grew accustomed to the surroundings, or a number of targets of one victim.
Although there is no evidence to deny Chandler victimised Anne Merrick and this may have triggered "flashbacks" and hence her claims of rape in 2002 were recollection of fifteen years prior, there is nothing to substanciate these claims either.

Drawing upon evidence, Chandler's assaults did not escalate over time, while all other accused did accelerate and increase in magnitude.

Sexual Assault and the Police Force: Summary and Conclusions

All accused denied their crime, and all had an opportunistic element- that is, all took advantage of a situation presented to them one way or another.

The key difference between Chandler and the other accused are that these men were either repeat offenders, or showed escallation in their crime before commiting them. A majority also re-offended over an extended period, then cease to offend later- following a pattern, and that all other accused were also in functional relationships.

A minority of crime had a "culture" associated with them, Chandler one of the two people who alledgedly perpetuated sex assault with other police officers.

It could be said that Chandler was more of a type "mixed" accused (drawing on data from table SAPF1) than the others accused, and the characterstic of his family dicipline was inconsistent with either catergory- that is, dicipline as a child could have theoretically had little if no bearing on Tom Chandler's criminal behaviour, and this in itself is psychologally extreamly unlikely.

II) "Previously on The Bill"...

The Bill has a history of always including "previously" clips before the episode started, to allign new or irregular viewers to references to previous episodes in The Bill, or continuing plots. This was particually evident after 1998, when minor serialisation began.

Marquess episodes failed to reference to pre-Parr episodes. Whilst continuing on from long-ago plot, for example, the "history" between PC Des Taviner and Chandler, and the "thing" going on between Chandler and Spears and its unexplained end, never were "previously" clips referenced to these episodes.

One must question why this was so.

Possible explainations are that the "image" of the show became so different from what it had been in Quinnin Part 6 that it would have damaged credibility to do so.
Possibly the people who put together this section of the episode were sacked and nobody was in quick enough to make a propper one.

Or, more likely, the fact that because the Executive Producer had himself not watched most of what he built on from, that it was excluded because it was not clear to anyone what exactly these episodes contained or their precise plot, nor what parts of them would be relivent to "previously" references.

This would partly explain the lack of continuity or so-called logic behind Chandler's reasons for not starting a relationship with Spears in Liquid City. It would also explain why the clip of Chandler warning Taviner not to speak of Hendon in Liquid City was not shown, and instead, Chandler ordering Des into his office and threatening to make his life hell if he spoke about Hendon. There was absolutely no reason whatsoever for Chandler to pull Taviner asside and order him to do that because Chandler had already told Des in Liquid City,

"Forget Hendon, forget Julie Cooper, take me on an' I'll bury you."

Thus, the only reason why the scene in 001 of Chandler ordering Taviner to not speak of the past could not have been to demonstrate to new viewers this as a "previously" clip would have done that satisfactorily, leaving the conclusion that characters had been altered to a point that there was no connection between the Longer's tennature at Hendon Police School, and the Latter's tennature at Hendon.

Whatever the reason, the credibilty of its continuity is diminished a great deal when plot consistency is ignored, and as this report reenforces, this was not the only time when the "past" has been "reworked".

Conclusion

To simplify the findings of this report into a mathematical equasion, adding C, Longer Tom Chandler, and c, Latter Tom Chandler, will not make 2c.

C + c	≠	2C
C + c	=	C + c

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